The best way to troubleshoot this is from the simplest to the most difficult solutions.
1. First of all, don't use the universal charger, switch back to your old charger while you trouble shoot this. It may not be the problem.
2. Dells have a button that turns off charging. So far I've only seen it as holding down FN and hitting F2. It has a blue battery with a lightning bolt on the F2 button. Hit this once, then hover over the battery 30 seconds later to see if it is now charging.
3. The next problem could be the power management in Windows. Make sure you are hooked up to internet. Go to "Device Manager" by typing it in the file search box in the lower left hand corner of the screen when you hit the Windows Icon. Expand the batteries section. Uninstall all instances of "Microsoft ACPI-Compliant Control Methed Battery". Then right click on Batteries and click Scan for hardware changes. This should automatically install the correct drivers. Be sure not to uninstall any of the other battery drivers.
4. Take your power adapter and look in the center hole. There should be a tiny pin. If this is bent or damaged, you need a new power adapter.
5. Take your battery out and examine the pins. Look for bent or damaged pins. If they are bent or damaged, you will at the very least need to get a new shell from Dell that can have your same hard drive in it. This is unlikely as these are more sturdy, but you might as well try everything.
6. At this point, you really need multiple power adapters and/or batteries to determine what stage of charging is failing. You will likely need to call Dell to find out who to send or take your computer to for repairs. They diagnose if it is a problem with the power adapter, battery, or internal connections within the shell.